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Uptake and transport of Mineral Nutrients:
à Uptake of mineral ions:- All the minerals can’t be taken by roots becaus
Due to weathering and breakdown of rocks, majority of elements are found in soil for the growth of plants.
Plant absorbs mineral from soil in form of diss
Transpirational pull in plant pulls stream of water in which mineral salts are trans located through xylem.
Presence of mineral salts in x ylem is shown b
Hydroponics (soil less culture ):- Developed by Goerick in 1940. In this method, a nutrient solution is taken in which plants are grown by dipping their roots. This reduces th
Passive mineral absorption: absorption of mineral ions without use of metabolic energy. It takes place by diffusion, facilitated diffusion, ion-exchange
Nutrition is the science which deals with in taking and utilization of food. Nutrients are the chemical substances taken in for body building and maintenance of its function.
Crushing and Grinding of the ore:- the ores occur in nature as huge lumps. They are broken to small pieces with the help of crushers and grinders. The p
Esters
RCOOR' are named after the corresponding carboxylic acids by replacing the ending -ic acid with -ate and preceding this with the name of the
Adrenals (Suprenals):
Origin: It has 2 parts:-
1.Adrenal Cortex: arise from mesoderm
Out of 105 elements discovered so far, less than 21 are essential and beneficial for normal plant growth and development.
Criteria for essentiality of
Nitrogen cycle :
Nitrogen is limiting nutrient for both natural and agricultural eco-systems as plants compete with microbes for limited nitrogen that is
Active Transport: Uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient. Casparian strip presents in the endodermis (the i
GENERAL CHARACTERSTICS OF ETHERS :
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES :
Physical properties of ether
Denaturation of Proteins:- Proteins (Globular) are very sensitive to the action of heat mineral acids, alkalies etc. On heating or on treatment with mineral a
Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Being unsaturated, aldehydes and ketones undergo addition reactions. They have a polar carbonyl group. The carbon o
Decomposition:-
It is the process of conversion of complex. Organic compound into simple raw material. An organism perform
In plants, special long distance transport is necessary as sites of production or absorption and sites for storage too far and at much faster rate. This is generally done by m
Preparation of monocarboxylic acids
1. From primary alcohols and aldehydes
Primary alcohols are readily oxidised to car
Nitrous Acid Test,Separation of primary , secondary and tertiary amines by Hoffmann's method: Amines
Test of 10, 20 and 30 amines. (nitrous acid test)
The three classes of amines react differently with nitrous acid.
Nitrous acid is a source of electrophilic nitrosonium ion (O = N+), which reacts with amines. Ni
Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Secondary Growth:
Secondary growth is absent in monocotyledons, but present in dico
Chemical Properties of aliphatic amines
Basicity of amines
In amines, there is a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. Th
Origin of coal and petroleum
Coal and petroleum have organic origin, being decomposed plant and animal matter buried deep inside the earth. Coal is
Time :- 3 hours &
Introduction:-
Water taken up by roots has to reach all plant parts till the tip of every grooving stem. Also food produced in leaves by pho
Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4)
Preparation:- Commercially Pot. Permanganate is prepared from mineral pyrolusite (MnO2)
Based on morphology of mycelium mode of spore formation, fruiting bodies there are 4 classes;
a). &nbs
VIRUSES, VIROIDS AND LICHENS
Pasteur coined the term virus, which means Venom / poison.
Virus: The viruses are non-cellular organisms th
Organic chemistry is that branch of chemistry which deals with the study of compounds of carbon with hydrogen (hydrocarbons), and their derivatives.
Abiotic Factors
(i) Temperature
Most ecologically relevant environment factor.
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