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Living organisms
The living creatures of all kinds are known as living organisms.
For example, all plants, animals, and microo
Ecology
It is a branch of science which studies the interactions among organisms and between the organism and its physical (abiotic) environm
How do Living Organisms Cope with Environment?
Introduction:
The sum total of all processes by which all living organisms attain food and utilize it to use in various biological activities such
Environment
Environment is referred to as the sum total of all the physical and biotic conditions which influence the organism in terms of su
Population Interaction
Interspecific interactions are interactions of populations of two differen
Abiotic Factors
(i) Temperature
Most ecologically relevant environment factor.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves formation of male and female gamates, either by the same individual or different individuals of opposite sex.These gametes
Pre-fertilization Events:
These events of sexual reproduction are prior to the fusion (fertilization) of male and female gametes.
a) &nbs
Heredity and Variation in Asexual Reproduction
If all offspring were exactly like their parents, there would be no science of genetics. Variations a
Responses to Abiotic Factors
The organisms try to maintain the constancy of its internal environment (a process called homeostasis)
Adaptations
Any morphological, physiological and behavioural attribute of the organism that enables it to survive
Taxonomical Aids
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with identification, naming, and classification of organisms.
Ta
Attemps to Classify
In this chapter, we will describe Plantae kingdom under Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. At pres
Asexual Reproduction- Where offspring is produced by single parent with or without formation and fusion of gametes. e.g. Amoeba, Plan aria etc.
Her
Fertilization:
The fertilization is the complete and permanent fusion of two gametes from different parents or from the same parent to form a diploid zygote. This
Reproduction: Reproduction is the biological process in which an individual gives rise to an offspring similar to itself.
Purpose of Reproduction:
Genetically modified organisms:
Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Mo
Micro-organisms: Microbes are tiny living organisms—too tiny to see without a microscope, yet they are abundant on Earth. They live everywhere&mdas
1. Fission:
It is that type of asexual reproduction in which a fully grown parent organism divides into two or more than two daughter cells.
In this ca
The complex organic compounds (molecules) such as Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic, Acids, Lipids, Hormones, Vitamins etc., Which form the basis of life, are called Bi
Life Span:
The period from birth to the natural death of an organism is called its life span.
Life span of an organism may be few minutes to several th
Post Fertilization Events:
Events in sexual reproduction after the fertilization (formation of zygote) are called post fertilization events. These events may be d
a)Chrysophyta :
i)They includes diatoms and golden algae ( desmids ) . In diatoms , cell wall is indestructible, its being gritty
Immunity:
The ability of the host to fight the disease-causing organisms through immune system is called immunity.
Immunity
Microbes in industrial products:
The large scale production of various compounds in industries takes place in large fermentors. Fermentor
Therapeutic Action of Different classes of Drugs:-
Antacids:- In our stomach HCl acid helps in Digestion of food material. B
The process of grouping living organisms into convenient categories based on simple characters is known as Biological Classification.
Firstly
Ethical issues:
Genetically modified items wether beneficial or unsuitable is checked by some ethical branches.
Therefore, the
muscular :-
(that involves muscles mostly occur at cellular level o
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