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Electrical capacitance of a conductor:
It is the measure of its ability to hold the electric charge.
If a charge Q on an conductor incre
Electric potential: The electric potential at a point in an electric field is the amount of work done in moving charge from infinity to that point.
Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric slab:
The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation
Electric potential energy:
The electric potential energy of a system of point charges may be defined as the amount of work done in assembling the
As shown in fig. consider an electric dipole consisting of two point charges –q and +q and separated by a distance 2a. let p be the point on the axis of the dipole
Combination of capacitors in series:
When the –ve plate of 1 capacitor is connected to the positive plate of the second and the –ve of
Electrostatics properties of a conductor:
When placed in electrostatic field, the conductors shows the following properties:
Ne
Equipotential surface: Any surface that has same electric potential at every point on the surface of the conductor known as equipotential surface.
As shown in fig. consider an electric dipole in a uniform electric field E with its dipole moment 'p' making an angle θ with the field. Two equal and opposite forces -qE
Relation between electric field and potential: Consider the electric field due to charge +q located at the origin O. Let A and B be two adjacent points separa
Electric potential due to a group of point charges:
As shown in fig. suppose N point charges q1, q2, q3 …&h
Electric potential due to uniformly charged thin spherical shell:
Consider a charged spherical shell of radius R as shown in fig:
Energy stored in a capacitor: A capacitor is a device to store energy. The process of charging up a capacitor involves the transferring of electric from
Energy
The energy of a body is defined as its capacity for doing work.
(1) Since energy of a body is the total quantity of work done th
What is Crystal Field Theory?
Crystal Field Theory (CFT) is a model used to explain the electronic structure of complex metal ions in crystals. It describes how the electrostatic interaction between the metal ion and the surrounding ligand (non-metal) i
The electric field around a charge can be described in two ways:
By electric field and
By electrostatic or electric potential
Dielectric:
A dielectric is a substance which does not allow the flow of charges though it but permits them to exert electrostatics forces on one
It states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two stationary point charges is
Directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the two
Interatomic Forces
The forces between the atoms due to electrostatic interaction between the charges of the atoms are called interatomic forces. Th
A charge is said to be in equilibrium, if net force acting on it is zero. A system of charges is said to be in equilibrium if each charge is separately in equilibrium.
Total Energy of An electron:
In nth orbit of an atom:
It includes the e- kinetic energy and the e
Different types of Continuous Charge Distribution :
Volume Charge Distribution : it is charge distribution spread over a three dimensional volume or region V of space. Volume charge density at any point in this volume as the charge con
The forces between the molecules due to electrostatic interaction between the charges of the molecules are called intermolecular forces. These forces are also called Vander Wa
Second Law of Thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics merely explains the equivalence of work and heat. It does not explain wh
Crystalline Solids:
Amorphous solids are very useful but most of the solids are crystalline in nature due to thermodynamically favorable conditions
Postulates of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom:
This model also called planetary model of the atom is based on the following postulates:
Frictional electricity : The electricity developed by rubbing or friction is called frictional electricity. The rubbed substa
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