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Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
Crystal lattice is the depiction of three dimensional arrangements of constituent particles (atoms, molecules, ions
Cell: The Unit of Life
Cell:
It is the basic structural and functional Unit of life.
Dis
Cell potential or E.M.F of a cell
An electrochemical cell is made up of 2 half cell. One of these act as anode on which oxidation takes place has h
Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell
A crystal lattice is made of very large number of unit cells and lattice points are the representation of constituent particles. Ther
The complex organic compounds (molecules) such as Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic, Acids, Lipids, Hormones, Vitamins etc., Which form the basis of life, are called Bi
Meiosis:
This term was introduced by Farmer and Moore. This phase is called Reductional division because nu
Cell Membrane (J.O. Plowe (1931) called it plasmalemma):
Its presence was first recognised by Naige
Active Transport: Uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient. Casparian strip presents in the endodermis (the i
Mitosis:
This term was introduced by Flaming. This phase is called Equational division because number of chromoso
Density of Lattice Matter:-
It is defined as the ratio of mass per unit cell to the total volume of unit cell.
Density of latti
Water provides medium in which many substances are dissolved. Protoplasm of cell is consist of water in which different molecules are dissolved and suspended.
A wat
Cell Coat:
Plant cell:
Events of cell cycle:
Cell cycle merely comprises a series of three phases;
1) G0-phase or Quiescent phase or Gap-0: A
Packing Efficiency of Close Packed Structure - 1
Both ccp and hcp are highly efficient lattice; in terms of packing. The packing efficiency of both
Microvilli:- Finger like evaginations of plasma membrane which increase surface area of cells for absorption and perform movement with the help of actin
Post Fertilization Events:
Events in sexual reproduction after the fertilization (formation of zygote) are called post fertilization events. These events may be d
Structure of Ovule:
Ovule is an integumented megasporangium found in sper- matophytes which develops into seed after fertilisation. An angiosperm o
Structure of Eukaryotic cell:
Photoelectric Cell are of 3 types:
1. Photo emissive cell
2. Photo conductive cell
3. Photo voltaic cell
The cell in which energy of the photons if incident light is utilized to obtain photoelectrons and hence the photoelectric curre
Active Transport:
Active transport is the energy-consuming transport of molecules or ions across a membrane against a concentration gradient.
Mitochondria:
First seen by Kolliker, Flemming called then Filia, Benda named mitochondria.
Provide an energy-transducing system
Plastids:
Double walled, DNA containing largest organelle in plant cells discovered by Haeckel
Type of plastids:
Cells in series :
Potentiometer: A potentiometer is a device to measure an unknown emf or potential difference accurately.
Construction: a potentiom
Endoplasmic reticulum:
Fist observed by Porter, Claude and Fallum (1945) under EM.
Golgi Apparatus (Baker’s body, Lipochondria)
Golgi bodies were first detected in nerve cells by Camillo Golgi.
Commercial cells
1. Primary cell: - Those in which the reaction taking place cannot be reversed. So cell can’t be recharged.
Electrochemical cell/galvanic/voltaic cell
The device which is used to convert chemical energy produced in a chemical reaction into electrical ener
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