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Chemical Properties of aliphatic amines
Basicity of amines
In amines, there is a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. Th
Reduction of nitroalkane
Nitro compounds can be reduced to primary amines under a variety of conditions. The various reduction stages of the nitro
Nitrous Acid Test,Separation of primary , secondary and tertiary amines by Hoffmann's method: Amines
Test of 10, 20 and 30 amines. (nitrous acid test)
The three classes of amines react differently with nitrous acid.
Nitrous acid is a source of electrophilic nitrosonium ion (O = N+), which reacts with amines. Ni
Physical properties of aliphatic amines
i) Physical state and smell
Lower members of aliphatic amines are gases while h
Physical properties of aromatic amines
Hydrogen bonding significantly influences the properties of primary and secondary amines. Thus the boiling p
Nomenclature of aliphatic amines
Aliphatic amines are named by adding the suffix amine to the name of the alkyl group and it is written as one word
Introduction, nomenclature and classification of aliphatic amines
Introduction of aliphatic amines
Amines may be regard
Aliphatic nitro compounds
i) Vapour phase nitration of alkanes
Hydrocarbons when heated with forming nitric acid at 693
IUPAC Nomenclature of nitro alkanes
No. of C
Preparation of primary amines
Alkylation
The most industrially significant amines are prepared from ammonia by alkylati
Chemical properties of aromatic nitrocompounds
The nitro group strongly deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution. Nitro grou
Introduction and nomenclature of aliphatic nitrocompounds
Functional groups containing nitrogen are present in a variety of naturally occurring and
Laboratory preparation of aniline
Aniline was first prepared by Unverdorben by dry distillation of indigo. In the laboratory, it can be prepared by the reduction of nitrobenzene with tin and hydrochloric acid(HCL).
IUPAC system and IUPAC rules of naming ethers
Common names of ethers follow after the names of alkyl / aryl groups written as separate words in alp
Electrophilic substitution of aromatic amines
Halogenation of Aromatic Arenes
This reaction is used as a test for anil
Nucleophilic reactions of haloalkanes
Replacement by alkoxy group
(Formation of ethers) - Williamson Synthesis
Laboratory preparation of nitrobenzene
Aromatic compounds can be directly nitrated using a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulphuric acid.
Nomenclature, preparation and properties of i. Acid halides ii. Acid amides iii. Acid anhydrides and iv. Esters
Introduction of carboxylic
Physical properties of nitro compounds
The structure of a nitro group can be represented as a resonance hybrid of two equivalent zwitter ionic pola
Amides
RCONH2 are named in the trivial system by replacing the ending -ic acid from the name of the corresponding acid with - amide. The
Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Being unsaturated, aldehydes and ketones undergo addition reactions. They have a polar carbonyl group. The carbon o
Esters
RCOOR' are named after the corresponding carboxylic acids by replacing the ending -ic acid with -ate and preceding this with the name of the
Common names of organic compounds
Common nomenclature
In the common system, cyanides are named by any of the following
Uses of aniline
Aniline when freshly prepared is a colorless oily liquid (b.p. 184°C). It has a characteristic unpleasant odor and i
Acid anhydrides
Acid anhydrides are called symmetrical when the two acyl groups are identical when the two acyl groups are identical and if the two
Physical properties of aromatic nitro compounds
Reduction of aromatic nitro compounds with hydrogen gas ove
Uses of nitrobenzene
Approximately 95% of nitrobenzene is consumed in the production of aniline.
Specialized ap
Cleansing Agents:-Soaps and Detergents are mainly used.
Soaps:-These are the sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids e
Hormones: These are information containing chemical messengers which are secreted by endocrine glands and carried by blood to the place of their action, where
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