Active Transport: Uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient. Casparian strip presents in the endodermis (the i
In plants, special long distance transport is necessary as sites of production or absorption and sites for storage too far and at much faster rate. This is generally done by m
Transport of gases in Blood: Oxygen transport: oxygen is carried by blood in
Active Transport: Active transport is the energy-consuming transport of molecules or ions across a membrane against a concentration gradient.
 Introduction:- Water taken up by roots has to reach all plant parts till the tip of every grooving stem. Also food produced in leaves by pho
Facilitated diffusion: It is difficult for substances that have hydrophilic moiety to pass through membrane so their movement has to be facilitate
Uptake and transport of Mineral Nutrients: à Uptake of mineral ions:- All the minerals can’t be taken by roots becaus
From source to sink, phloem transports food (mainly sucrose) Source: Who prepares food Sink: Part that needs and stores
Transpiration:- The loss of water through stomata in the leaves is called transpiration. - It is evaporative loss of water through
Means of Transport:- 1. Diffusion: It is movement of particles of a matter due to their kinetic energy.  - It tak
Plastids: Double walled, DNA containing largest organelle in plant cells discovered by Haeckel Type of plastids:
Agents of Pollination: 1)      Abiotic agents:          a)  &
Cell: The Unit of Life Cell: It is the basic structural and functional Unit of life. Dis
Differences regarding respiration: Difference between respiration and breathing:
Anatomy of Flowering Plants Secondary Growth: Secondary growth is absent in monocotyledons, but present in dico
In case of steady flow of a fluid when a layer of fluid slips or tends to slip on adjacent layers in contact, the two layer exert tangential force on each other which tries to
A wave is a disturbance which propagates energy and momentum from one place to the other without the transport of matter. (1) Necessary properties of the me
Morphology of Flowering Plants Stem: Bears branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits Conducts water a
Water provides medium in which many substances are dissolved. Protoplasm of cell is consist of water in which different molecules are dissolved and suspended. A wat
Biomolecules Biomicromolecules: All living organism, from microbes to mammals, are composed of chemical substan
Stem : It can be defined as the ascending part of shoot axis which is negative geotropic, positively phototropic and develops from plumule
Drugs and alcohol abuse: When drugs and alcohol are taken for purposes other than medicinal level and their amount is vey high that it impare someo
SOLUTIONS A solution is a homogeneous mixture to two or more chemically non reacting substance whose composition can be varied with in certain lim
Denaturation of Proteins:- Proteins (Globular) are very sensitive to the action of heat mineral acids, alkalies etc. On heating or on treatment with mineral a
Genetic code and regulation of gene expression:   Genetic Code: The relationship between the sequence of nucleotid
Electrochemical cell/galvanic/voltaic cell The device which is used to convert chemical energy produced in a chemical reaction into electrical ener
Pregnancy: Some finger-like projections appear on the trophoblast called chorionic villi which are surrounded by the uterine
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