Transport of gases in Blood:

Oxygen transport: oxygen is carried by blood in 2 forms:

Solution and Oxy-hemoglobin

1. Physical Solution: Being soluble in water, 3% oxygen travels as its solution in plasma.
2. Oxy-hemoglobin: 97% oxygen diffuses from blood plasma to RBCs and in RBCs it combines with hemoglobin to form oxy-hemoglobin.

Carbon-dioxide Transport: It is carried by blood in three forms.

1. Physical Solution: 7% Co₂ dissolve in plasma and present here in the form of solution.
2. Bicarbonate ions: 70% of Co₂ diffuses into blood plasma and then to RBCs in plasma, Co₂ combines with water and form carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase enzyme. After it, carbonic acid breaks into Bicarbonate ions and Hydrogen ion.

3. Carbamino-hemoglobin:- About 23% of Co₂ in RBCs loosely combines with –NH₂,amino a group reduced hemoglobin to form carbamino-hemoglobin.

HBO₂ + Co₂  ⇌  HBCo₂ + O₂

It releases O₂. (Haldane effect)