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Force
A pull or push which changes or tends to change the state of rest or of uniform motion or directionof motion of any object is called force. F
Motion of Connected Block Over a Pulley
Motion on a level circular road
When a vehicle goes round a level curved path, it should be acted upon by a centripetal force. While negotiating the curved path, the wheels of the car have a tendency to leave the curved path and regain the straight
Applications of Newton’s Laws
(a) When objects are in equilibrium
Graph between Applied Force and Friction
Newton’s Second Law: The rate of change of linear momentum of a body is directly proportional to the external force applied on the body and this change
Friction force is of two types.
a) Static&nbs
Newton’s Third Law of Motion: To every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction.
Important points about the Third Law
System :
Two or more than two objects which interact with each other form a system.
3.1 Clas
Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum:
If no external force acts on a system (isolated), the total momentum of the system remains constant with ti
Friction
When two bodies are kept in contact, electromagnetic forces act between the charged particles (molecules) at the surfaces of the bodies. Thus, each body exerts a contact force of the other. The magnitudes of the contact forces acting on the two bodies are e
Physical Quantity.
A quantity which can be measured and by which various physical phenomenon can be explained and expressed in form of laws of physics is called a physical quantity. For example length, mass, time, force etc.
1)Law of conservation of mass :- in all physical and chemical charges, the total mass of products in same as that of react reactants.
# Laws of refraction:
(i) The incident ray, refracted ray and the normal, all lie in the same plane.
(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of
Linear momentum of a body is the quantity of motion contained in the body.
It can also be measured in terms of the force required to stop the body in unit tim
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion.
Planets are large natural bodies rotating around a star(sun in case of milky way) in defi
Apparent Weight of a Body in a Lift.
An object's apparent weight is the upward force (the normal force, or reaction force), typica
Impulse.
When a large force works on a body for very small time interval, it is called impulsive force.
An impulsive fo
(Stress)B(Stress)A=(rArB
Inertia.
It is the inherent property of all the bodies by virtue of which they cannot change their state of rest or uniform motion along a st
Frame of Reference: A frame in which an observer is situated and makes his observations is known as his ‘Frame of reference’.
Or
Laws of electrolysis (faraday laws)
(1) Faraday’s first law of electrolysis:-
It states that mass of any substanc
Ideal gas :- it is that gas which obeys the gas laws and obey ideal gas equation.
Characteristics of ideal gas :-
Faraday connected a coil to a galvanometer and brought a magnet close to the coil or took it away form the coil. In both the case he observed deflection in the galvanometer.
Ideal gas Equation:-
Any Gas which follows all the gas laws is known as Ideal Gas.
PV = nRT
Ideal gas
Deduction of Gas Laws from Kinetic Gas equation:
(i) Boyles Law:-
PV = (1/3) Mu2 &nb
Principles or Laws of Inheritance:
There are two Law:-
1) Law of Dominance: This is first law of inheritance. Character
Kirchoff’s first Law or Junction Rule : In an electric circuit, the algebraic sum of currents at any junction is zero.
Or the sum of currents
Boyle’s law :- from kinetic theory of gases
PV
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