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Kingdom Monera (eg. Bacteria )
They are ominpresent.
They are grouped in to 4 groups based on their shape.
The process of grouping living organisms into convenient categories based on simple characters is known as Biological Classification.
Firstly
Biological Functions of Nucleic Acids:- The two important functions of nucleic acids are:
Replication
a) Archaebacteria – They live in harsh habitats such as exteme saline areas.They are called Halophiles. They wh
Classification of Proteins:-
(A). On the basis of Molecular Structure – On the basis of their molecular structure proteins a
Biological oxygen demand:
It refers to the amount of oxygen consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water is oxidized by bacteria.
Nomenclature
The process to standardise the naming of a living organism is known as nomenclature.
The pr
Denaturation of Proteins:- Proteins (Globular) are very sensitive to the action of heat mineral acids, alkalies etc. On heating or on treatment with mineral a
Chemistry has great applications mainly in 3 important and interesting areas.
Medicines
Food Materials
Cleansing Agents
Non infectious diseases:
AIDs and Cancer are explained below:
Transgenic animals:
Animals that have had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra gene are known as transgenic animals
Microbes as bio-control agents:
Bio-control is the biological method for controlling plant diseases and pests.
Ea
Nitrogen cycle :
Nitrogen is limiting nutrient for both natural and agricultural eco-systems as plants compete with microbes for limited nitrogen that is
Enzymes as catalyst:-
Enzymes are the globular proteins which act as biological catalysts. Although enzymes are proteins, yet some enzymes are ass
Kingdom Protista: All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista, but the boundaries
of this kingdom are not well defined. Members of Protista a
Kingdom Animalia :
They are Heterotrophs, multicellular , locomotory and lack cell walls.
They are saprophytic , parasitic and cos
a)Chrysophyta :
i)They includes diatoms and golden algae ( desmids ) . In diatoms , cell wall is indestructible, its being gritty
Kingdom Fungi:
i) They are heterotrophic.
ii) They are cosmopolitan and prefer to grow in warm and humid places.
Based on morphology of mycelium mode of spore formation, fruiting bodies there are 4 classes;
a). &nbs
Kingdom Plantae : includes all eukaryotic chlorophyll-containing organisms commonly called plants. A few members are partially heterotrophic such as the insec
VIRUSES, VIROIDS AND LICHENS
Pasteur coined the term virus, which means Venom / poison.
Virus: The viruses are non-cellular organisms th
2.Osmosis and osmotic pressure:-
Osmosis may be defined as “The process of passage of solvent from solution of lower concentration into the
Microbes in sewage treatment:
Sewage is a term that is often used for waste water including feaces, urine, laundry waste and many
Population Interaction
Interspecific interactions are interactions of populations of two differen
Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Being unsaturated, aldehydes and ketones undergo addition reactions. They have a polar carbonyl group. The carbon o
Reproduction: Reproduction is the biological process in which an individual gives rise to an offspring similar to itself.
Purpose of Reproduction:
Human genome project:
The total cost of the project was 9 billion US dollars and this project was a 13-year project by the U.S. D
COMPOUNDS OF GROUP – 15
&
The complex organic compounds (molecules) such as Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic, Acids, Lipids, Hormones, Vitamins etc., Which form the basis of life, are called Bi
Chsomosomal theory of inheritance:
This illustration is given to explain the Mendal’s principle of independent assortment. In terma of moveme
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