Key Functions of Ecosystem:-   Productivity Efficiency Energy flow
Primary function of leaf Primary function of leaves:  Photosynthesis: The principal functi
Transpiration:- The loss of water through stomata in the leaves is called transpiration. - It is evaporative loss of water through
Modifications of leaf Leaves with different functions or modification of leaves: They can
Leaves : A leaf is a dissimilar, green, flat, expended lateral outgrowth of stem or its branches on a node. Each leaf consists
Cell: The Unit of Life Cell: It is the basic structural and functional Unit of life. Dis
Differences regarding respiration: Difference between respiration and breathing:
Anatomy of Flowering Plants Secondary Growth: Secondary growth is absent in monocotyledons, but present in dico
Morphology of Flowering Plants Stem: Bears branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits Conducts water a
 Introduction:- Water taken up by roots has to reach all plant parts till the tip of every grooving stem. Also food produced in leaves by pho
Abiotic Factors  (i) Temperature Most ecologically relevant environment factor.
Systematics includes 4 fields 1. Identification 2.Classification 3.Nomenclature 4.Taxanomy    
Calyx: It is the outermost whorl of the flower. Sepals of flower are usually leaf like gree
Algae -Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, simple, autotrophic and largely aquatic organisms. -They occur in a variety of habitats like moist damp places .Some of them also occur in a-ssociation with fungi (lichen) and animals. - They occur as unice
Types of Leaves Depending upon the indentation or incision of lamina, the leaves are of two t
Rate of Decomposition:- Protein > Starch or > Cellulose > Lignin AND  chitin.   Imp:-
Uses of Biodiversity:-        1. As source of food and improved variety:-
Carbon cycle → CO2 cycle. Carbon is essential macro nutrient which make frame work of all organic compound about 7
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