Fruits and seeds

Fruit and Seeds :

1. The fruit is a ripened ovary mostly developed after fertilization.
2. The fruit enclose and protects the seeds.
3. Seeds is the ripened ovule. It contains an embryo and reserve food for developing the embryo.
4. Outer protective covering is called as testa or seed coat.
5. The two ends can be distinguished as plumule and radical.
6. The plumule is the future shoot and radical is the future root.

 

 

Classification of fruits

Classification of Fruits

There are three main types of fruits:

1. Simple fruits : These fruits develop from monocarpellary ovary or multicarpellary syncarpous ovary.
2. Aggregate fruits (Etaerio): These fruits develop from the multicarpellary apocarpou ovary.
3. Composite fruits (multiple): These fruits develop from the complete inflorescence.

      

 

Types of fruit

                                

Simple Fruits

 These fruits can be divided into two types.

1. Dry Fruits : In these fruits pericarp is not distinguished into three layers.  These are not fleshy.
2.  Succulent fruits (Fleshy fruits) : In these fruits, pericarp is distinguished into three layers: epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp. Mesocarp is fleshy or fibrous. These fruits are indehiscent, so seeds are separated after decay of the flesh.