Introduction of alcohols

The hydroxy derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons  are called alcohols. When one, two or more hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon are replaced by a corresponding number of hydroxyl groups (-OH), alcohols can be obtained.

Classification of alcohols

•             Alcohols with one hydroxyl group - Monohydric alcohol .Ex;CH₃OH(Methyl alcohol )

•             Alcohols with two hydroxyl groups - Dihydric alcohol

•             Alcohols with three hydroxyl groups - Trihydric alcohols

•             Alcohols with four or more hydroxyl groups - Polyhydric alcohols

The saturated monohydric alcohols have the general formula C_nH_2n+1OH or ROH. Their functional group is -OH. They can be further classified into:

Primary Alcohol

Here the alcohol is attached with primary carbon atom .Their general formula is RCH₂OH.

Secondary Alcohol:

The hydroxyl group is attached with secondary carbon atom.

Tertiary Alcohol

Here the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group is attached to three other carbon atoms.